Hi kids! (Sorry, too much I Love Lucy…lol) Well, this was a speech I gave today at school on Calvinism (my dad helped me a little bit).
Do you believe that God is sovereign over all things? Even over people’s souls? If so, you are a Calvinist! Calvinism is the belief that the Bible teaches God is sovereign over everything, even including over who is saved.
My goal is to clearly explain what is meant by the term Calvinism. Calvinism gets its name from John Calvin, the sixteenth-century theologian and church reformer. This is because he is generally considered to be the first to write n an organized way about the doctrines now known Calvinism.
Calvin died in 1564. About fifty years later, some followers of the theologian Jacob Arminius began to argue that Calvin had been wrong about five points of doctrine in particular. Out of the debate that followed there developed what came to be known as the five points of Calvinism. While the Calvinistic view of the Bible involves much more than these five points, they became known as a kind of shorthand for Calvinism. The five points of Calvinism are often remembered by the “TULIP” acrostic. TULIP stands for Total Depravity (also called Total Inability), Unconditional Election, Limited Atonement (also called Particular Redemption), Irresistible Grace (also called The Efficacious Call of the Spirit), and The Perseverance of the Saints (also called the Security of Believers).
I shall now explain all these points one by one. First of all, Total Depravity or Total Inability. This means that man’s nature is evil, sinful, and corrupt throughout. The word “total” doesn’t just mean man is sinful just in his words or actions, this word means that man is knitted in sin. I don’t know if you have ever seen someone knit, but they touch every single fiber that goes into whatever they are making. Every little cell in our body is saturated with sin. As a result of this “sin saturation,” man is completely unable to do anything spiritually good. This is not to say that unsaved people are unable to do anything outwardly good, for they most certainly are. But, judging by God’s standards, the unsaved person is completely incapable of doing anything spiritually good. The famous Westminster Confession of Faith puts this very well: “As a result of Adam’s transgression, men are born in sin and are by nature spiritually dead; therefore, if they are to become God’s children and enter his kingdom, they must be born anew of the spirit.”1
The second point of Calvinism is Unconditional Election. This means God chooses or elects people to be saved. As I have said in my previous point, men are extremely sinful. As a result, we are not fit to be seen in the sight of God. It would have been perfectly just of God to provide no way of salvation. He was by no means obligated to provide salvation for sin.
The Bible gives the doctrine of election. The Bible states that God, before He even created the world, chose certain sinners to receive his undeserved gift. These people, and these people only, will be saved. God could have chosen to save all humans, or he could have chosen to save none of them, but God did not do either of these things. Instead, God chose to save some, and not save others. God’s choice to save these sinners was not a result of anything he knew they would do in the future, but it was a result of His own pleasure and His sovereign authority. Men have no authority to call this election unfair. As David Steele and Curtis Thomas explain, “It is not within the creature’s jurisdiction to question the justice of the Creator for not choosing everyone to salvation. It is enough to know that the judge of the earth has done right. It should, however, be kept in mind that if God had not graciously chosen a people for himself and sovereignly determined to provide salvation for them and apply it to them, none would be saved. The fact that he did this for some, of the exclusion of others, is in no way unfair to the latter group, unless of course one maintains that God was under obligation to provide salvation for sinners-a position which the Bible utterly rejects.”2
I can, in fact, support the doctrine of election with scripture. First, Deut. 10:14-15 states, 14”Behold, to the LORD your God belong heaven and the heaven of heavens, the earth with all that is in it. 15Yet the LORD set his heart in love on your fathers and chose their offspring after them, you above all peoples, as you are this day.” Second, Psalm 33:12 reads, “Blessed is the nation whose God is the LORD, the people whom he has chosen as his heritage!” Third, Jesus says in Matt. 11:27, “All things have been handed over to me by my Father, and no one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and anyone to whom the Son chooses to reveal him.” Fourth, Romans 8:28-30 declares, “And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose. 29For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers. 30And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.” Lastly, 1 Peter 1:1-2 tells us, “To those who are elect exiles of the dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood.”
Next, I will discuss Limited Atonement, also known as Particular Redemption. I told you in the last point that God called his elect. But, we as Christians are chosen by the Father to be redeemed by the Son in order to be saved. God sent Jesus in the world to secure our redemption, and to be a substitute for our sins. This worked out perfect righteousness that is given to those when they are saved. Through what Christ did, we are made right with God. Christ received the guilt and condemnation that should have been ours, and now we are God’s children. Therefore, we are not saved by our works, but the works of God through Christ. Redemption was created to accomplish God’s election. As Steele and Thomas write, “It would have required no more obedience, nor any greater suffering from Christ to have secured salvation for every man, woman, and child who ever lived than it did for him to secure salvation for the elect only. But he came into the world to represent and save only those given to him by the father. Thus Christ’s saving work was limited in that it was designed to save some and not others, but it was not limited in value for it was of infinite worth and would have secured salvation for everyone if this had been God’s intention.”3
I will now cover the fourth point of Calvinism, which is Irresistible Grace or The Efficacious Call of the Spirit. First of all, it is not just the Father and the Son who work out salvation for the elect, it is also the Spirit. The doctrine of Irresistible Grace is that the Holy Spirit applies the grace of God to the hearts of all those who are chosen by God. The Spirit comes to God’s elect and fills them with an inward calling to salvation. The Spirit is the one that creates the “new heart” in the sinner; a heart for God and salvation. This working of the Spirit is what brings the sinner to have a spontaneous confession of faith of their own free decision. In God’s sovereign plan, this special call is given only to the elect. After all, how many times have you witnessed to someone, and they haven’t come to faith in Christ? This is because they have not received the inward call of God to His elect. To quote th Westminster Confession of Faith again, “All those whom God hath predestined unto life, and those only, He is pleased, in His appointed and accepted time, effectually to call, by His Word and Spirit, out of that state of sin and death in which they are by nature, to grace and salvation by Jesus Christ; enlightening their minds spiritually and savingly to understand the things of God; taking away their heart of stone, and giving unto them a heart of flesh; renewing their wills, and by his almighty power determining them to that which is good, and effectually drawing them to Jesus Christ; yet so as they come most freely, being made willing by His grace.4
Finally, the fifth point of Calvinism is The Perseverance of the Saints or The Security of Believers. This doctrine means that the elect are not only redeemed by Christ and made new by the Spirit, but God keeps them this way for eternity. Nothing, absolutely nothing, can separate believers from the love of God. Those who profess to believe but fall away never truly believed in the first place, and were not of God’s elect. We are secure and save in our Savior.
Possibly the biggest misunderstanding about Calvinism is that it leads to the view that missions and evangelism aren’t necessary. Those who go to this unbiblical extreme are called hyper-Calvinists. Calvinism views this as a heresy. The Bible clearly commands us to share the Gospel with everyone (The Great Commission, Matt. 28:19-20). Moreover, Calvinists believe that while God indeed will save all his elect, his elect will be saved only through hearing the Gospel. And since only God knows who his elect are, we should take the Gospel of Jesus Christ to every person in the world. We can say to every person in the world what the Bible says in Rom. 10:13, “Whoever will call upon the name of the Lord will be saved.” And since we know that God does have his elect people and that he will save them through the Gospel, we can have confidence that if we will keep sharing the Gospel of Jesus Christ, we will see people truly saved. It was this confidence that caused Calvinists like William Carey to go to the mission field and begin what became known as the Modern Missionary Movement.
In conclusion, let me reiterate that Calvinists believe these things only because they are convinced the Bible teaches them. Calvinists should be careful never to believe something just because John Calvin believed it, or John Piper believes it, but only because it is found in Scripture. So in the end, Calvinists really want to be just biblicists, and to humbly honor and glorify God in everything they believe and do.
1Chapter IX, Section 3.
2David N. Steele and Curtis C. Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism, page 31.
3David N. Steele and Curtis C. Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism.
4 Chapter X, Section 1.